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memory his nervous system etc. The systems adopted by chess players should give them creative satisfaction. Given the most meticulously studied variations, if the chess player doesn't like them, they do not bring success.
Therefore the opening repertoire requires permanent enrichment with new ideas taking into account the style and strength of the chess player.
To begin with, there must be a unity of practice and theory. Another important condition is the careful selection of the material and putting it into a coherent system. The selection of the material should be confined only to the most essential theoretical games. After the foundation has been laid, it is advisable to put all your analytical work into system and order. First, it is useful to study those games where the main strategic ideas were most fully manifested, and then enlarge the scope of your opening ideas. In the opening preparation, the chess player has his own "supertask" , that is they ought to be ahead of their rivals. In this respect,we ought to study carefully Botvinnik's methods. He was the founder of contemporary approach to the opening preparation.
While working at the opening repertoire, the question often arises: should we play the same variations with White and with Black? Here, a lot depends on the chess player's proficiency.
It is advisable that young chess players should study the same opening system from both sides, so as to understand its peculiarities which may escape in case of the one-sided approach. It is often helpful to learn from your own, sometimes very bitter, experience.
For example, at the Amsterdam international tournament of 1970 Grandmaster Uhlmann played the following variation of the King's Indian Defense against Polugayevsky:
1 d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 Bg7 4.e4 d6 5.Be2 0-0 6.B95 c5 7.d5 96 8.Qd2 ad 9.ed Re8 10.Nf3 Bg4 11.0-0 Nbd7 12.h3 Bf3 13.Bf3 a6 14.a4 Qe7 (This apparently harmless system contains a lot of poison for B1ack.White's spatial advantage is a serious factor,
especially in the ensuing endgame) 15.Rael Qf8 16.Bdl Re1 17.RQ1 Re8 18.Re8 Re8 19 .Bc2 Nb6 20.b3 Nbd7 21.Bf4 Qe7 22.Qe2 Kf8 23.Qe7 Ke7 24.a5! (The crucial position eventually resulting in a highly instructive ending. It should be noted that many opening systems are closely linked with the endgame positions)
24...h5 25.Bd2 Ne8 26.g3 Bd4 27.Kg2 Ng7 28.f4 Nf5 29.Ndl Nh6 30.Kf3 f5 31.Bd3 Kd8 32.Ne3 Ke7 33.Nc2 Bb2 34.Ke3 Nf6 35.Ne1 Bd4 36.Kf3 Bb2 37.Ng2 Nd7 38.Nh4 Kf6 39.Ke3 Nf7 40.Bc2 Bat 41.Ke2 Bb2 42.Bel Bat 43.g4 ! hg 44.hg gg 45.Ng6 Kg? 46.Nh4 Kf8 47.Bf5 Nf6 48.Bc8 Nd8 49.Nf5 Nh5 50,Bd2 Bd4 51.Nd4. Black resigned.
This lesson was extremely useful for Ulhmann. The German Grandmaster employed this system with White against Gligoric in the Interzonal tournament 1970 and won the game.
Another important question is: should the chess player build up his opening repertoire only on fashionable systems, which is, incidentally, being done by most of today's chess players? Of course, this approach should not be criticized. As a rule, up-to-date openings contain more interesting ideas. But we should not forget that even less known opening systems deserve serious consideration. Besides, having acquired some experience working on less popular openings, the chess player can enrich himself with the ideas giving him an overwhelming advantage over his opponents. Highly instructive in this respect is the method and experience demonstrated by Fischer who often employed the systems and variations which had been rejected by theory and practice.
For example in the Ruy Lopez he often employed the old Anderssen line: 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Bc6 dc 5.0-0
in the Caro-Kann: 1.e4 c6 2.d4 d5 Ved cd 4.Bd3.
Fischer's games show that in the old systems, if properly studied and employed, one can find many interesting ideas and effective ways to the initiative.
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